php-webdriver – Selenium WebDriver bindings for PHP
Description
Php-webdriver library is PHP language binding for Selenium WebDriver, which allows you to control web browsers from PHP.
This library is compatible with Selenium server version 2.x, 3.x and 4.x.
The library supports JsonWireProtocol and also implements experimental support of W3C WebDriver. The W3C WebDriver support is not yet full-featured, however it should allow to control Firefox via Geckodriver and new versions of Chrome and Chromedriver with just a slight limitations.
The concepts of this library are very similar to the "official" Java, .NET, Python and Ruby bindings from the Selenium project.
Installation
Installation is possible using Composer.
If you don't already use Composer, you can download the composer.phar binary:
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
Then install the library:
php composer.phar require php-webdriver/webdriver
Upgrade from version <1.8.0
Starting from version 1.8.0, the project has been renamed from facebook/php-webdriver to php-webdriver/webdriver.
In order to receive the new version and future updates, you need to rename it in your composer.json:
"require": {
- "facebook/webdriver": "(version you use)",
+ "php-webdriver/webdriver": "(version you use)",
}
and run composer update.
Getting started
1. Start server (aka. remote end)
To control a browser, you need to start a remote end (server), which will listen to the commands sent from this library and will execute them in the respective browser.
This could be Selenium standalone server, but for local development, you can send them directly to so-called "browser driver" like Chromedriver or Geckodriver.
a) Chromedriver
Install the latest Chrome and Chromedriver. Make sure to have a compatible version of Chromedriver and Chrome!
Run chromedriver binary, you can pass port argument, so that it listens on port 4444:
chromedriver --port=4444
b) Geckodriver
Install the latest Firefox and Geckodriver. Make sure to have a compatible version of Geckodriver and Firefox!
Run geckodriver binary (it start to listen on port 4444 by default):
geckodriver
c) Selenium standalone server
Selenium server can be useful when you need to execute multiple tests at once, when you run tests in several different browsers (like on your CI server), or when you need to distribute tests amongst several machines in grid mode (where one Selenium server acts as a hub, and others connect to it as nodes).
Selenium server then act like a proxy and takes care of distributing commands to the respective nodes.
The latest version can be found on the Selenium download page.
d) Docker
Selenium server could also be started inside Docker container - see docker-selenium project.
2. Create a Browser Session
When creating a browser session, be sure to pass the url of your running server.
For example:
// Chromedriver (if started using --port=4444 as above)
$serverUrl = 'http://localhost:4444';
// Geckodriver
$serverUrl = 'http://localhost:4444';
// selenium-server-standalone-#.jar (version 2.x or 3.x)
$serverUrl = 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub';
// selenium-server-standalone-#.jar (version 4.x)
$serverUrl = 'http://localhost:4444';
Now you can start browser of your choice:
use Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\RemoteWebDriver;
// Chrome
$driver = RemoteWebDriver::create($serverUrl, DesiredCapabilities::chrome());
// Firefox
$driver = RemoteWebDriver::create($serverUrl, DesiredCapabilities::firefox());
// Microsoft Edge
$driver = RemoteWebDriver::create($serverUrl, DesiredCapabilities::microsoftEdge());
3. Customize Desired Capabilities
Desired capabilities define properties of the browser you are about to start.
They can be customized:
use Facebook\WebDriver\Firefox\FirefoxOptions;
use Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\DesiredCapabilities;
$desiredCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities::firefox();
// Disable accepting SSL certificates
$desiredCapabilities->setCapability('acceptSslCerts', false);
// Add arguments via FirefoxOptions to start headless firefox
$firefoxOptions = new FirefoxOptions();
$firefoxOptions->addArguments(['-headless']);
$desiredCapabilities->setCapability(FirefoxOptions::CAPABILITY, $firefoxOptions);
$driver = RemoteWebDriver::create($serverUrl, $desiredCapabilities);
Capabilities can also be used to
To configure browser-specific capabilities, you may use
- See legacy JsonWire protocol documentation or W3C WebDriver specification for more details.
4. Control your browser
// Go to URL
$driver->get('https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)');
// Find search element by its id, write 'PHP' inside and submit
$driver->findElement(WebDriverBy::id('searchInput')) // find search input element
->sendKeys('PHP') // fill the search box
->submit(); // submit the whole form
// Find element of 'History' item in menu by its css selector
$historyButton = $driver->findElement(
WebDriverBy::cssSelector('#ca-history a')
);
// Read text of the element and print it to output
echo 'About to click to a button with text: ' . $historyButton->getText();
// Click the element to navigate to revision history page
$historyButton->click();
// Make sure to always call quit() at the end to terminate the browser session
$driver->quit();
See example.php for full example scenario. Visit our GitHub wiki for
NOTE: Above snippets are not intended to be a working example by simply copy-pasting. See example.php for a working example.
Changelog
For latest changes see CHANGELOG.md file.
More information
Some basic usage example is provided in example.php file.
How-tos are provided right here in
If you don't use IDE, you may use API documentation of php-webdriver.
You may also want to check out the Selenium project docs and wiki.
Testing framework integration
To take advantage of automatized testing you may want to integrate php-webdriver to your testing framework. There are some projects already providing this:
- Symfony Panther uses php-webdriver and integrates with PHPUnit using
PantherTestCase - Laravel Dusk is another project using php-webdriver, could be used for testing via
DuskTestCase - Steward integrates php-webdriver directly to PHPUnit, and provides parallelization
- Codeception testing framework provides BDD-layer on top of php-webdriver in its WebDriver module
- You can also check out this blogpost + demo project, describing simple PHPUnit integration
Support
We have a great community willing to help you!
Contributing
❤️
We love to have your help to make php-webdriver better. See CONTRIBUTING.md for more information about contributing and developing php-webdriver.
Php-webdriver is community project - if you want to join the effort with maintaining and developing this library, the best is to look on issues marked with "help wanted" label. Let us know in the issue comments if you want to contribute and if you want any guidance, and we will be delighted to help you to prepare your pull request.
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